pippin



J. W. PIPPIN.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29. 191.9.

W/T/VESSES VWM/7.0

' QHN YY. llPlUlNl A non/VHS I. W.v PIPPIN.

UNDERREAMEH.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.29| I9I9 Patent-ed Nov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I IIA 1 E A wim/5835s UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

JOHN WILLIAM PIPPIN, OF OKLAHOMA, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR. TO PIPPIN MANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF OKLAHOMA, OKLAHOMA, A CORPORATION OF OKLAHOMA.

UNDERREAMER.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. PIPPIN, a

i i citizenv of the United States, and a resident 'of Oklahoma city, in the county of Oklahoma and State'of Oklahoma, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements. in Underreamers, of which the following 1s a specification.

My invention is an improvement in under- Vreamers and has for its object to provide a device of the character specified, wherein the cutting bits are so mounted that they may A. be held in contracted position during'the insertion of the reamer by latch mechanism,

which is released when the bits are passed through the casing to permit them to exl pand, wherein the bits are so mounted that 1 they will be firmly braced and held durin operative position;

F ig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion Vso' , ened and reinforced at the openings for 'of the upper end of the bit;

ing the cuttingaction, and whereinineans is provided for shielding lthe connection of the bits with the body to prevent thel 'en-.

trance of sand, gravel and the like.

In the drawings: l Figure 1 is a, side view of the improved -underreamer Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section showing the parts in inoperative position;

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the parts Fig. 5 is asimilar view ofthe latch bar;

Figs. 6, 7 andlll are sections on the lines 1 6 6, 7-7 and ,111-14 respectively, of Fig. 2;

Figs. 8 and 13 are sections on the lines 8-8 and 13-13, respectively, of Fig. 3;l

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the sleeve; Fig. 10 isa perspective view of one of the reinforcing plates;

Fig'. 1l is a side view -of the lower end o f 'the' mandrel, with parts in section;

Fi .11. n the present ,embodiment of the invention, the body llof the tool is provided -at its upper end with a tapering threaded stemI 2 for engagement by the operating mechanism for the tool,l and the body is longitudinally bored at its lower end'l Thisbore or recess is fiared at the lower end of the body, and the ksupporting rod or mandrel 3 for the bits is arranged Within the'bore or recess, the said bore or recess being of considerably greater diameter than the rod,

as shown.

f the recess 8 to the top of 12 -is a section on the line 12.-12 ofencircles .the mandrel between stops arlranged Within the body of the tool and At its lower end 4a cross head L is detachably connected withthe mandrel in a manportions is separated from the body of the.

bit -by shoulders 6 and 7, respectively. Each bit has a transverse recess 8 for receiving the cross head 4, and it will be noticed that each blt has a longitudinally extending groove 9 on 1ts inner face, extending from the bit and of greater depth toward the top than at the recess 8 as shown, for receiving the mandrel 3. v v

The mandrel has an enlarged portion or head 10 just above the cross head 4,-and

-this head has a transverse opening through which extends a key 11, the said ey being locked from transverse movement in a manner to be presently described, and the key supports a sleeve or housing 12 which fits about the body at the lower end. The sleeve 1s mounted to slide on the body moving with the mandrel 3, the said body being annularly 3 reduced at its lowerI end to permitl its slid- Lig movement.. The body also has longitudinally extending slots 13 in which the ends of the key move, .and the sleeve is strengththe-ends of the key by means of the reinforcing plates, Fig. 10. Each of these plates which fit upon the inner face of the sleeve has an opening or slot 15 for engagement by the end of the key, and the ends of each plate at the outer face thereof are ribbed transversely, as shown at 16. These ribs engage circumferential slots in the sleeves.' f

The bits and mandrel are normally forced upward by means of a coil spring 17 which shown more particularly in Sliecieation of Letters Patent. Patented NGV. 18, 1919. Y Application inea January 29, 191s.l seaiNo. 273,786.

ving inthe. bodyf The ends of the pin are undercut side walls.- v.'.lhisisprin tapersifrom above downwar groove is similarly 4formed sojthatit-'can-'- V ...I-lot H 80 'Y ing foren agem .simi arlyshaped tooth vor cam '33 on the lower end ofthe sleeve 29.1. This sleeve fits loosely about the 'uppeiyendV of the rod Justfabove the nut 18, normally resting upon engaged by the sleeve 12 to prevent displacement. thereof. "1

The mandrel is releasably held from upward `movement under the influence of the spring by' means of a latch bar 22,.sho.wn

moreespecially in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5. This extendingY opening 24:.in the' body communicating. withjrv bar fitswithin a longitudinally the bore orrecess, and at its upperend the bar has an inwardly extending lug 251whieh has a slotted opening 26 for receivin va` pivot in` 2'( which pivotally connects. t e latch.v

bore or. recess' and slidably engages a' longitudinally extending slot 28 in a sleeve 29' which ismounted on. the upper end ofthe rod or mandrel fora purpose to be presently described. m

A plate spring 30 Vthe latchibar' below its pivotal connection andv normally the lower end ofjthe bar inwardly.v vThis spring, asf shown,.is heldinv acts vto swin a 'ofrooveI 1n the body, the grooveI having Vdropv downward lbelow. a predetermined oin't.l

removal o' the spring.

f g On itsfinner face and 4vnear its upper end thelatch bar has a transverse undercut vrecess 31, and within this recess is helda sub;` --stantially triangular bar.32,.withv theraex of the-bar extending beyondthelat'ch; arfand rov'iding. a cam forcoperating with a l this nut, .and while thel mandrel will not move upwardly without moving the" sleeve Ait may move downwardly without vaffecting the sleeve. ,1

When thelatch bar is. in theposition of. {Fig 2, with the. bits collapsed, that is, with the mandrel and the bitsl in loweredpositooth or `'cam'33y is below .the '.tooth. or camV 32, .and if the latch bar isprevented from outward movementY at its'outer endl tifonfthe the'sleeveg'will be heldfrom Vupward movef the insertion of the tool, whilefthe tool'is'f in-V the well casing, the engagement of the latehlbar-fwith the well casing l lment andwillinfturn hold'them'andreland' During the bits from upward 'movemen-t.

lprevents the` outwardmovement of the late bar to release the interengaging'cams 32 and 33. As soon', however, as the. latch bar-passes below the lower end Vofthe well casinglthe latch bar is forced outward at its lower end, the

cams 32 and33 disengaged, andthesleeve,

the roden-mandrel and the bits move upbody. The lug`25 extends in'- wardly' beyond the peripheral surface of the F as shown', and Vthe NearY its :upper end it has' an' open-fil nt by a tool to permit the* ing it is merely draw'nfupward.. At their lower ends the bits have transverse shoul? *endof thewell casing," a'ndfurther upward movementof the toollwillcaus'e the bitsa'ndv -V l the. mandrel *tov Vbe drawn downwardly 'if-'- Vagainst the resistance of the lspring 17. The 'drawing `downward of the bits `will collapse 'them as shown in Fi 2, into position such. 7 that they ma vmove t rough the well casing. l eing. i'reefrgmil the mandrel, A

`The sleeve will not interfere with thisjdownward Vmovementof the mandrel, because. ofthe engagement of the'teeth or 'cams 32 and 33.A

V.In'order'to centerjthe tool in theca'sing i the latch bar has'allongitudinally extending .rangedlat the opposite s ide'f. 1`s taperin j be10cked 'b -upseamg .the walls. of; the

during itsmovement longitudinally. thereof,

spacing rib 35 onits outer face, :the said r1b extendmg beyond-the body whenj-tlie"` vlatch barisin-normal position, and "spacing 'Pi `thetool .from the 'casing the depth of that .portion of the jrib wh1ch`, extends'b'ey'o'nd" the' body.' .A facing rib or. late 36 isjar- `his.rib,"whi ih or wedge shaped, is held within. 1. :a groove-3V .1n the bod)1 .of the tool, the said; l

groovegraduallyincreasing in .depthfrom abovedownwardand the .groove has underl. .,l'cut side walls, as shown lmore'partielilarly"1-v V; 1 ...1n Fig. 13. "3. .The bar maybe adju'sted'inthe"groove to' 100 groove o'rca king them downwardnpon the..

'mandrel', by means `of a'pin or rod 38 which' extends-long1tud1nally in a' bore `in the loweri rib.` The 'key 11 is locked"tothe head 'of the' end pff the rod, thesaid borexextending from' the lower end into. the opening.. As"

shown" in Fig. 12, the lower-fend of th'ejb'c'ire'` C." i l for the pin or rod 38 is enlarged at itsalbwer' end as at 39,*v the enlargementjbeing taperl fing or funnel shaped. and' having'a shoulder -8.titS 10wer.end.

95A. plate spring 40 is toolfto` release the end ofthe spring-'fromV 'the` shoulder; f When the spring is forced thus re easing the key '11;

l secured tothefrod or i p1n,jan d the lower end of this fspring is bent* out to 'engage this shoulder;v An opening Y 411s provided inthe rodormandrelf at the", L

` shoulder Vforv permitting the linsertion'of a;

. mwa'rdl Y the Pm .0r IOd .may be Withdrawn", The pin'v 27,

y*which'fpivots' the latch bar tothe body, is prevented from slipping out in either 'direc` tion by means ofV plates 42.1 These 'plates arereceived in undercut grooves 43 extendlngH longitudinally ofthe'body at the Vends Vofthe rod. It will be noticed, referring to 'I Fig-'11, that the cross head 4 is braced againstthe mandrel and reinforced by' 'sub- 70 ders 34,"which are engaged by 4the' lower l i welleasing, it is necessary that the parts oc- .Y cupyfthe position of Fig. 2a In'order t'o 4 slip easily into and out 'of operative Vposition.

To introduce the improved'tool into the move them into this pos1tion thev body has a transverse slotted passage 46 at' the upper endof the bore or recess, and this assage is adapted to receive/a wedge plate 4 f The -f-rodfmovab e in the body, bits pivoted to the wedge plate, when it is forced into thepassage, engages the upper end of the sleeve, forclng the sleeve down together 'with the mandrel and the bits and puts the springl?v .under tension; As soon as the tool is in the well casingto'the level of the latch plate,f jf

stop for .'limitingthe downward movement pivoted in the opening and providedwith @plate pivoted to thel body in the opening, a

when the rod is moved upwardly. i

'2.' In an` underreamer, a body having y is providedwith a ring 48 `for,1permitting' the wedge plate may be withdrawn, and it the easy withdrawal. Y

AIclaim:

1. An underreamer comprisin 1a.cored body, a rod slidable longitudina ly'ofthe body and having* a cross ..hea'd at itsgflower"v end, bits having openings for receivingthe ends of the head and pivotedto'.the-head with a lost motionconnection tov permit thel bits to move bodily toward the rod, a spring 'Y -v normally` pressing the `rod upwardly, the f.

body 'having a lateral opening, a latch' plate f an inwardly extending catch lug, -la s'leeve" slidable on the upper end of the rod -andj having a `catch lug for enga ement below ward, the rod having a stop for limiting;

the downward movement of the-sleeve," the"` Vsleeve being 4freely movable, upward, and" .means in connectionwith the loweren'd of. 'the body and the bits for expanding the bits- Y' openingsin its lower end, substantially semi fclrcular 1n cross section, the'straight walls V50'v of the openings-being approximately paralF lel and the outer curved wallsl being in" clined, bits havingportions shal ed to lit'the openings, a rod slidable in the ody andto which the bits are pivotally connected, norf mally acti-ve means*v forcing the rod upward to cause the said bit portions to enter the openings to expand the bits, the bodyhaving alateral opening, a'latch ,plate pivoted to the body in the opening and having a lug extending into the body, a Sleeve mountedy to? slide on the rod and having a'lug for engaging beneath the lug of the plate to hold the rod in downward position with the bits contracted. l

3. In an underreamer, a body having a bore flaring at the lower end of the body, arod .movable in the body, bits pivoted to the rod and having portions fitting the flaring part of the bore to hold the bits expanded, the bore having a lateral opening, a latch plate pivoted to the body in the opening,'a sleeve movable on' the rod, the rod having a stop' for limiting the down. ward movement of the sleeve, and the sleeve vandv plate having'interengaging means for holding -the rod in lowered position, said means comprising catch lugs on the plate and-sleeve and beveledon both faces for the purposespeciied.

4. In anfunderreamer, a body having a bore--flarin atfthelower end of the body, Va

'rod'andhavinggportions fitting the Haring the'j-bore having'a lateral opening, a latch lplatepivoted to the body inthe opening, a leeveglmovaibleontherod, the rod having a f thesleevm andthe sleeve and plate hav- .mgmterengaglng means' for holding the'rod in loweredfposition, means in connection fithfthe sleeve and the plate forpreventin outward swinging movement of the free en lo-.theplate when. the rod is in upward .posi- *having a bore Harm at the lower'end `ot" the body, a rodinovab e in the body, bitspivotedvto the ro/d and having 4portions fittingI the vflaring 'part of `the bore to hold the bits expanded, f he, bore having a lateral opening, Va latch '-,sleev movable on the rod, the rod having a stop Vfol-'limiting the downward movement the lug'of the plate to hold t e lrod down-$101" the? sleeve, and the sleeve and plate havan underreamer, a body havi i aV l interengalging means for holding the 'mflowered position.

lon tudinal *borev at its lowerendprovided a' lateral opening, a lrod in the boreandl 'carrying bits` at y"its lower end, they bits and vIll() body having means for expanding the bits when the rod i's-,moved upward, a spring acting normally tomove `the rod upward, a i latch plate 1n the'lateralopemng, and co-, operating means on the latch plate and rod for holding the rod against the action of the spring when the plate is pressed inward, said means being movable'. upward with respect to the rod and held from downward movement.

.7. In an apparatus substantially as de-l being freely movable in anopposite direc-f tion to that oftheV operating'rod spring, and va latch cooperating with said sleeve.

8. The combination with an apparatus substantially 'as described, of a body vportion, a supporting rod in the said ybody portion, a spring for operating said Vrod in one direction, a sleeve encircling a portion of the rod and freely movable in a` directiony opposite to the spring actuation of the vsup orting rod, means on the rod abutting the s eeve for. limiting its movement. in v'the .opposite direction, a rlatch cooperating with the sleeve v forholding'the rod against movement under f the influence ot the spring, and bits carried by rthe supportingrod, substantially' as set I forth. U

9. A reamer comprlsingbits, a bod portionz ysocket'ed'in its lower end to the its, a

supporting rod connected with the 'bits and extending `within the rod, an abutment `on the rod for engaging the sleeve, a.l springwfor actuating the rod in one direct-ion, said sleeve g, being .freely movable in the opposite direction, anda latch coperatingv with the sleeve andlcarl ried by the body, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination ,in a reamer, of A a body-portion, a bit-supportingrod,a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in onedir'ection independently oftherod, anda latch engaging said sleeve.

1l. A reamer substantially as describe d,` comprising a body y ,thereby, supporting rod for the bits,` a

portion, bits -carried latch orholding' the supporting rod/. inexktended position 'to vpermit the bits. to Ibe contracted, and means vfor engagement by thelatch to hold Athe rod with the bits contracted vand movablel independentlyy ofthe rod in the other direction whereby vthe latch will not interferewith the extensionof the supporting rod in the withdrawal yof* the 4o bits. 'Y

`12. The vcombinationin a reameryo'f 'a body portion,

carried thereby, means whereby Vthe bits 'may .v uring'jthe in'.'

be held in contacted position sertion of the reamerthroughthec'asing andv kembodying llatch mechanism, said latch Vmechanism being normally held inoperative positionv by the well casing andbeing released when the' bits have passedl through l the Welly casingto permit the bitsjto expand, and meansy in connection witlnthel`)it's v,

engagement bythel'atch mechanism and iiidependent ofany movementl ofv the bitsin one direction, whereby the bits mayI be contracted Vfor withdrawal without operating thelatch mechanism. l

The combination, in an apparatus sub'- stantia-lly as described0f a body port ion,a supporting rod in the saigdbody portion, a

spring for operatingsaid rod in'one direction, a sleeve encirclingfaportion of sai-dij V rod, means on the rod vabutting the slee'y'c, said sleeve being freely movable in a (li-' rection opposite tothe spring actuatienot the supporting rod, a latch coperating with of the same vand encirc ingthev upper Vends porting rod connected withthe bits `and exbody, a sleeve on .the

vrod, anabutment onthe rod V for'engagir'ig longitudinally movable bitsbits,

operatingl with theV sleeveaiid carried'biy the 48 0, l

casing, and aV protectingorv lhousing'fsleeve encircling ,the body .at the bits join the ysame and Inova 15. A reamer comprisinga lood "portion porting rod connected lwith ft the sleeve, a springfory actuatin the rod in able in another, directioh,"a etch coperatingvwith thesleeve' and:carried bythe'casff 'l .j' andv a protecting or; housing sleevev en-` f. f n

in'g' ,c circling the l bodyfat the p ointQwhere thel bits lo ijn the'samejand movablewith the bits, th.

, its having A`stop:f: againstwhich the lowerA end of the' sleeve abuts loosely; 1 Y

i6. 'A reamer comprisin socketed .in it'slower 'en supporting'rod connected withf'the bits `andv rod, an abutment onthe rod`for` engaging i 'the sleeve, ajspringffor'actuating ythefrod'v in one-direction, the sleevebeing freely mov- 105 able inf '[anether'5l directiomfa latch coper-y ating withthefsleeve and carriedfly"thec'as-y ingerida protectingl or, housingsleeve lencircling thelbody 1.7415116fmbnitidnfin afiirbfe bedr. Portici e'bt- Spporting rod, a' Sleeve' abuttin the ,rod and'movable in one direc- Y aan" vin @peace-any of the', ma, lately eni 11155 'ing said' sleeve,fbit" s connected. with the ro ,and a'slee've.ontliebody'andconnectedv Y l i with the rod fonho'us'ing the junction ofthe body andthebits. w

18. The combi `ation. viria, reainer, of a body portion, a bitfsupporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod Vand movable in one directionindependently ofthe rod, ailatch engaging said sleeve, and a housing 'or'the lower end ofthe body portionand movable 125 with therod.V i j l 19. ,The combination in a reamer, ofV a body portion, a bit-supporting rod, a ysleeve' abutting the rod and movable injone directionV independently of the rod, a latch en-f l ointlwhere'thele, with thevbits,j said sleeve beingconnectedwiththe rod; f sa vsocketed in its lower end .0r the bits, fa vsup#V a' sleeve on thejfx.;y I i* 'scf one direct1on,'th e sleeve bein reely mov- 4 1 for" the bits, a" '10,6

extending within the casing, a sleeveon the 1 atfthe 4 point where the body portion, a bit-supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movablein one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging sa1d sleeve, said latch having a spaclng rib for centering the body portion in a well casing, said body portion having a spacing bar at the opposite side of the bit and adjustable radially of the body portion.

,21. The combination in a reamer, of a body portion, a bit supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging the said sleeve, and means in connection with the latchand with the body for centering the body portion in a Well casing, the means. on the body portion being adjustable. n

22. The combination in a reamer, of a body portion, a bit supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in one direction independently ofthe rod, a latch `engaging' the said sleeve, a spring moving the rod 1n the said direction, said body portion having a transverse opening at the upper end of the sleeve and a Wedge movable through the opening for pressing the l sleeve and rod in opposition to the spring.

23. The combination in a reamer,*of a body portion, a bit supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging the said sleeve, a housing extending beyond the lower end of the body portion and connected with the rod to move therewith, said connection `comprising' a key eX- tending transversely of the 'rod and engaging the sleeve at its ends, the body portion having slots for the said ends, a detachable 'connection between the key and rod, said connection comprising a pin movable longitudinally of the rod at the axis thereof, the key having an opening for'engagement by' the pin, and means for locking the pin from withdrawal.

24. The combination in a reamer, of a body portion, a bit supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging the said sleeve, a housing extending beyond the lower end of the body portion and connected with the rod to move therewith, said connection comprising a key eX- tending transversely of the rod and engaging the sleeve at its ends, vthe body portion body portion, a bit supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the rod and movable in one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging the said sleeve, a housing extending beyond the lower end of the body portion and connected with the rod to move therewith.

A26. The combination in a reamer, of a body portion, a bit-supporting rod, a sleeve abutting the 'rod and movable in one direction independently of the rod, a latch engaging said sleeve, and a spring for presslng the latch outward, substantially as set forth.

27. In an apparatus substantially as-described, in combination with the bitsA mounted to expandand contract, of a supporting rod for said bits, a spring operating said rod, in one direction, a sleeve, said sleeve being freely movable in an opposite direction to .that of the supporting rod 'l spring, a latch cooperating with said sleeve, anda spring between the latch and the rod.

JOHN WILLIAM PIPPIN.

Witnesses D. C. 1 JOHNSTON, INEz MONTGOMERY. 

